Constructed Wetlands Program

a project of

SC RC&D Council in conjunction with
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service

Constructed wetlands offer a new technological solution for failing septic tanks which are designed to improve water quality and are attractive floral gardens.

Constructed wetlands are relatively new to the state, though the technology has been used in other states for a number of years. Constructed wetlands are an alternative for failing septic systems. When a septic system fails, it is usually caused by soils that don't drain well, or hydric soils. Around Lake Murray these types of soils are common and have caused increasing amounts of fecal coliform to be detected in the water. In an effort to reduce those levels, constructed wetlands have been installed on an experimental basis. The wetland itself is made up of a plant cell that is lined with a rubber mat and filled with gravel. Aquatic plants such as canna lilies, elephant ears, and soft rush are grown in the cell hydroponically and absorb nutrients flowing into the cell from the residence. Throughout the winter months when most of the plants are dormant, bacteria living within the gravel are responsible for most of the nutrient breakdown. When the process is complete, test results show a 99% reduction in nutrient levels from the cell prior to entering soils, and later, waterbodies.

For more information about constructed wetlands, please contact the Richland Soil and Water Conservation District Office.